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Stainless Steel Technical Guide
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Stainless Steel Technical Guide
Stainless Steel Covered Electrodes
Electrode Information
Stainless steel electrodes are produced in four coating (covering) types.
- EXXX-15
- EXXX-16
- EXXX-17
- EXXX-26
Each type has distinctly different operational characteristics. However, for a given AWS classification (such as E309), rigid composition control, maintained through individual batch release procedures, results in essentially the same deposit composition from a given diameter and heat of core wire regardless of coating type specified. Many grades of coated stainless electrodes are commercially available. Recommended welding currents, and storage and rebaking temperatures are shown on page 36. Chemical composition limits for American Welding Society grades are listed on page 40.
EXXX-15
EXXX-15 electrodes operate on direct current electrode positive (DCEP) only. Welding in all positions is possible with these type of electrodes.
EXXX-16
EXXX-16 electrodes operate on either alternating current or direct current electrode positive (DCEP). The coating contains dominant amounts of rutile (titania), medium amounts of limestone and limited amounts of fluorspar. Transfer is spray-like, arc stability excellent, and spatter loss low. All sizes strike and restrike easily. The slag is easily controlled and does not interfere with the arc action. Weld beads are smooth, uniform, and of excellent appearance (flat to slightly convex). The electrode can be used in any standard position without difficulty.
EXXX-17
Compared to conventional AC-DC stainless steel electrodes the transfer is more spray-like and operation is possible over a much broader current range with direct current electrode positive (DCEP) preferred. Performs satisfactorily at normal currents; for optimum performance, use currents 15-25 amperes higher. Sterling electrodes have 10-30% faster deposition, smoother arc action, lower and finer spatter, and more attractive transfer. Finely-rippled bead feathers well into base metal
and eliminates sharp notches. Beads in fillets are concave and require less polishing, thus reducing finishing costs. Great in flat and horizontal positions; limited for out-of-position applications. Not recommended for highly restrained deep groove welds.
EXXX-26
These electrodes are designed for flat and horizontal fillet welding and have limited out of position characteristics. They can utilized alternating current (AC) or direct current electrode positive (DCEP). Most of these electrodes give higher deposition rates and have thicker coatings that contain higher levels of metal powders. The thicker coating provides larger fillet welds that are typically flat to concave. The slag system of these electrodes is similar to those of the -16 and -17 designations. Compared to the all-positional types, -26 electrodes usually require higher currents to achieve acceptable penetration.